Check engine warning lights – On most modern cars, the computer diagnostics will pick up turbo faults and the check engine light will come on. Of course, the check engine light doesn’t just cover turbo failure, and you will need to do some further checks to see what kind of engine problem you have.
The boost gauge – Some turbocharged vehicles are fitted with a boost gauge, which lets you know how much boost your turbo is producing. If your boost gauge isn’t going up as much as it used to, then there is a good chance your turbo is in need of repair.
Power loss – If you notice that your turbocharged vehicle is more sluggish than usual, or isn’t capable of reaching the speeds it once could, this may be a sign that your turbo is failing.
A smoking exhaust – If the turbo housing has cracked, or the internal seals have blown, oil will start to leak into your exhaust system. As this burns off, it produces a distinctive blue/grey smoke.
A loud whining noise – Often, a failing turbocharger will make a loud, distinctive jet like whining noise when boosting – a bit like a dentist’s drill or police siren if the compressor wheel is damaged. If you start to hear this noise from your engine, it’s definitely early warning sign that your turbo is about to fail.